Frederick holzach



dichiari tatea vFREDERICKi HOLZACH, 0F NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA Letters Patent N 100,152, dated February 22,1870.

IMPROVEMENTS IN OUADRANTS AND SEXTANTS.

The Schedule referred to iu these Letters Patent and making pari: of thersame.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, FREDERICK HoLzfioH, of New Orleans, in the parish of Orleans, Louisiana, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Qnadrants and Sextants, dto.; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, olea-r, and exact description thereof, which will enable others skilled in the art to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings forming part of this specication, in which- Figure 1 represents a face view of an octant, provided with my improvements.

Figure 2 is an' end view, partly in section, of the same.

Figure 3 is a back view, partly in section, of the Same.

Figure 4 is a detail plan view of the artificial horizon holder.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

My invention 'relates to that class of quadrants, sextants, 85o., which are intended for use at sea, and which are provided with means for producing an artificial horizon.

The object is to make certain improvements upon the aforesaid instruments, whel'eby a simpler, more economical, and more accurate horizon can be obtained.

The invention consists in certain combinations and arrangements of mechanical instrumentalities, as herepin, b, with a sharpupper edge, ou which a bar, I, is poised so that it will easily swing on said pin l). The ends of thel bar I are equally weighted, and otherwise the said bar is, by the use ot -a suitable pendulum system, so balanced that it will always poise itself into a proper required position.

To the front end of the bar I is pivoted a transverse swivel-pin, c, which has its inner enrl forked, and which carries in its forked end a ring, d, weighted as shown, to remain horizontal and pivoted at right angles to o.

From the ring d project vertical arms e e,which serve to retain a plate, J, in front ot' the telescope and telescope-glass.

The plate J has ahorizontal line, f, marked on it. This line represents the horizon. y

When it is brought in line with the point g of' observation marke'd on a plate, K, which is placed upon the telescopeglass and with the axis of' the telescope, it indicates that theinstrnment is in proper position for taking observations. The natural horizon may be quite concealed, and still as long as the sun can he noticed, correct observations lcan be taken.

The time of the day can, by this device, be always ascertained, as well as, at noon, the latitude.

vThe bar I may, by the application of a universal joint, be so supported at its middle that it will hold thc-artificial horizon in the proper position without the use of the pin c or ring (l. In fact, I do not conne myself to any peculiar manner ot hanging and adjusting the bar I and of balancing the saine; but

What I do claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

The bar I and vibrating ring d, with its vertical arms e e balanced upon a point in the centervof the middlev radius of the instrument, substantially as described, for the purpose specied.

FREDERICK HOLZACH. Witnesses:

FRANK BLocKLEY, SoLoN C. Kenobi. 

